Saturday

What the Quaker Faith Costs YOU - Part 1




Copyright 2006-2007 by QiN-Friend

Samuel Caldwell, said recently of the 300-year-old group of Quaker churches, Philadelphia Yearly Meeting:
where the pursuit of a free lunch is developed to a high art.”
Local, regional, and wider Church financial expenditures are sometimes ‘tweaked’ year after year - where the needs and intentions of the religious community upon consultation with the Holy Spirit ostensibly hardly change. But, as Quaker membership in the centuries-old Church has fallen steadily over the last 30 to 50 years and real cost of Church governance has gone up, Friends may have slowly fallen prey to a few wealthy, or trust funds, giving almost all of the income to large Church operating budgets. The smaller donors, he implies, dance or sing, in some artistic or sophisticated way for 'free lunches' or free benefits from their Church government.
Church expenditures can also support a Quaker 'culture', especially if Friends 'tweak' the budget year after year. This instead of constantly testing what the Spirit wants from the faithful, and having us annually apply a zero-based rationale in planning each expense line, as Samuel infers very powerfully. The former General Secretary of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting goes on to hypothesize, that our Quaker culture, mostly known in very old Friends' Societies, is quite distinct from, and sometimes antithetical to the what he explains is the remarkable, living Quaker faith.
With this in mind, has your local Friends Church or Quaker Monthly Meeting, the basic unit of Friends Society, had an opportunity to consider the meaning of individual financial giving?
Can your local Friends community communicate more clearly to members, the benefit to the whole group, where members share more equally with each other in financial support of the Church ?
We'll get to how your Meeting or Church might do this. But first, let’s go back to Sam’s pithy remark about the modern evolution of his own, and potentially, your own Religious Society of Friends. Social scientists say colloquially - ‘There ain’t no such thing as a free lunch”, in that a person or a society cannot get something (like large donations) for nothing.
Maybe, like social scientists, Samuel Caldwell might mean, “free things (or gifts) have hidden costs” to the whole Society?
Does your Meeting operate consistently on ‘infinite and never ending’ large financial ‘gifts’ from dead Friends, from trust funds, or from one or a few wealthy living donors, while many or the majority of others contribute, little or nothing? Do the large budgets maintained as above, not directly supported by living members of Friends Societies and Friends ‘institutions’, have a hidden cost to health, or to possibly to the Living Faith, of the Religious Society of Friends?
We might consider an analogy to illustrate how there are no free lunches. Environmental economists feel that profit-making business should not be able to use the earth’s natural resources as a free ‘gift’. Similarly, many Friends in this recent ‘climate’ of environmental awareness, feel there is a hidden, now becoming more apparent, ‘cost’ to us all. The affect on the health of the environment for commercial appropriation of ‘infinite and never ending’ natural resources - is most likely negative.
Similar to the confusion in the public today about hidden ‘costs’ to our environment, I feel that Friends many times confuse the unlimited opportunity in the spiritual realm with the limited restrictions of the physical in our religious societies and our daily lives. We believe love and the Spirit are unfathomable, infinite, and within each person. But, we deny our material restrictions as Spirit-centering when we erroneously feel that material resources, including income we use to pay our expenses, are infinite, abundant and free – from somewhere else, sometime else, or someone else.
So, I think Samuel Caldwell was warning us with his remark that his own Philadelphia Quakers, and potentially other modern Friends with the choice of maintaining large budgets and relying on large donors or trust funds, are selfishly pursuing this elusive thing that doesn’t exist. And, even if a ‘free lunch’, in the short term or short sightedness of some Friends does exist, we’re creating social repercussions for our whole Quaker Society in its pursuit. Have Friends, at some time in the last 50 years, taken up the search for something - like relying on someone else to pay for costs of the Church?- Or is this an age-old tradition – allowing 80%or more of the members to pay for 20% or less of the costs? A retired accountant, a trustee for a Presbyterian church in Northern Pennsylvania, told me his church consistently relies on 10% of the donors for 90% of the income, and felt that might be standard in many other mainline churches.
Samuel Caldwell may have keyed into the outward behavior he saw from the inward loss of integrity when Friends quietly create or perpetuate expenses which require Quakers to continuously live beyond their honest, egalitarian means. In public, this is when civil taxpayers become more likely to shirk their responsibility and try to avoid paying their fair share (of a perceived excessive amount) that a government says it needs. When a local Friends Church, Monthly Meeting, Quarterly Meeting, Yearly Meeting – or Quaker ‘institution’ – you fill in the blank - budget and actual expenses become eternally excessive, the ‘high art’ of the dance to elude church taxes begins (instead of simply reducing the amount of the budget). I believe that Friends have sometimes pursued a sophisticated course instead of simply reducing their Church taxes to allow Friends to live equitably within their means, in accord with the true and honest spirit of the Religious Society of Friends.
Friends are big on writing carefully worded epistles and pronouncements about the social and environmental costs for the free lunches in the wider world that profit-making business receive. What about the lunch check in our own religious world? How should individual Friends - how should YOU - contribute in order to live up to the remarkable faith of Friends?
How Quakers Collect Church Taxes
Let’s take the basic unit of Friends Society and look at its financial integrity of income compared with expense. When a local Friends Church or Quaker Monthly Meeting has unified on the costs that it will undertake (possibly in the manner described in The Costs of the Quaker Faith, Friends Journal, July 2006), how does that local community convey effectively and transparently the need for regular substantial financial contributions from its constituent members? The history of the first generation Friends is rife with reasons why they would not pay tithes to the church/state. They had ‘religious’ reasons, but they also obviously had no input into determining the use of the taxes either.
I knew, when writing ‘The Costs of the Quaker Faith’ that what I was embarking upon, would not stop at helping Friends consider the expenses of a Monthly Meeting. I knew that I had a limited space to fill - to make a point, and let it settle with those who could bring themselves to read about money, especially our own.
So, this concern is headed home - straight to THEE. The innate change in oneself that is required to open oneself to the Light, and possibly give more of oneself in order to possibly receive more of the Spirit, is something 'how-to' with which individuals have struggled for millennia. From my viewpoint, the spiritual and physical are interconnected in a Meeting, as much as they are in a person. If we understand that mind, body and spirit are one in a person, how can we deny that some change in our physical practice, especially in our giving of money, can affect our spiritual selves inside and outside of the Church? How one lives affects how one gives, and vice versa. And if a local or wider community decides to spend more than it can reasonably ask its members to contribute, divided somewhat equally or equitably among the group – the group is living beyond its true means. Let’s look at one way to possibly heal ourselves.
What should Monthly Meetings show?
Monthly Meetings or local Friends Churches, as the basic units in Friends Society will have to come to clearness that the community will benefit by showing transparency (to whom else potentially in addition to its members) into its:
  1. projected budget,
  2. actual expenses, and
  3. actual collections.
Should a local community show these to its constituents, as well as to other communities in the Quarterly Meeting and Yearly Meeting? Why not? If Friends have integrity between faith and practice, we should have nothing to hide from each other or from anyone.
For each member to know or be familiar with what is hoped for, or expected in terms of gifts, the Meeting might consider showing a consistent trend progression of a few leading indicators.
A Simple Way to Share Financial Needs of the Meeting
My own Monthly Meeting, part of Baltimore Yearly Meeting, shares the approved budget, and simply divides the total projected expenses among the number of members on the rolls. The Trustees make an announcement that the Meeting would like each member to try to contribute $375, for the year 2007. If each member gives $375 then the expenses will be covered by the donations. Of course each member does not give $375, some give less and some give more. But this simple communication might be all your meeting needs to do to show transparently what is generally expected of each member.
Another Meeting member in Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, explained to me that their Monthly Meeting communication with Friends is similar if not the same as my Monthly Meeting. The Friend states: "[Our] Meeting asks each member to contribute $425 to the Meeting for the year. Some give more, some give less and we make it clear that financial support is not necessary to worship [with us]. Of course, we need certain fincial support for the Meeting and members respond accordingly...."
If your Meeting feels like it should show more detail, or communicate more clearly about what is needed from individual members, read on.
Budget vs. Actual

A donor should know how much of a budget was approved in the current and previous year, as well as is proposed for the upcoming year. Below that should be the amount that was actually spent in those years. The difference between the two, if
maintained as a similar amount or percentage for years, as budget higher than actual, is a problem I’ve seen in most if not every Meeting I’ve attended. The actual rarely or never goes over the budget, (as you can see in ‘Previous Year’ and ‘Last Year’ in the chart below) so in effect, when a budget is approved and the Business Meeting later attempts to convince members to give this amount in a year, Friends know this amount is very, very unlikely to be needed.

(click on image to enlarge)
The way to fix this for ‘Next Year’ above is to have your local Church consider and approve a lower and more truthful budget. Have committees do some advance thought into how money will be spent in your Meeting, itemized as carefully as possible in committee, for the coming year. This is harder work than tweaking last year’s number. But this kind of forward thinking will enable your local Friends community to define more easily its mission and purpose, sooner than later. This early consideration, in my view, also helps Friends make decisions which are not stressing us at the last minute. These early decisions will help smooth the bumps in the road that occur at the more difficult points in our collective sojourn.
When budget lines are lowered, a committee or position might spend more than the amount approved by the Meeting in that year. For this possibility, ask your meeting to approve a general contingency of a certain percentage over the amount in the budget. Since the budget is only a plan, in any given year it could be under-spent or over-spent to some acceptable extent without prior approval by the Meeting. This precludes that a local community will have the right amount of savings which is not excessive, nor insufficient, in case of a year or two when donations do not meet the expenses.
Member Contributions vs. Other Income
I believe that Friends should know how much of total actual expenses are paid by their contributions over time. If this percentage (1.) is going down over time, it is signaling something which Friends might not know, or might already know, but don’t want to admit. If (1.) is going down over time, then (2.) must be going up because total actual expenses must be paid by 1. member contributions and 2. other income/savings.
Friends should also know then if the Monthly Meeting’s savings (principal) were increased or diminished due to a windfall or shortfall in contributions.

(click on image to enlarge)
In the ‘previous year’ above, Friends gave 89% of the actual costs of the Meeting, and 11% was given by interest income from savings (but no reduction in principle), and fundraisers, let’s say. We can tell this because the number is ‘0’ in line (3.) under the ‘previous year’.
In ‘last year’ Friends only contributed 82% of the total actual costs, and members also had to draw down savings principal by $3,110. Something must have happened - a large expense, a decline in members, or something significant to the Meeting - which would affect income or expense.
For the next year’, we might plan to have two definite fundraisers and budget money for outreach to attract new faces. We might at the same time make plans to have threshing sessions for donations to the Meeting, try to come to show transparency as above, and answer questions from Friends and talk about giving in terms of our ability and desire to give to the Meeting.
The Super-Average Giving Individual
Can each Friend strive to be super-average in his or her giving? What is ‘super-average’, you ask? It is a concept partially inspired and partially gleaned from my experience about our Equality Testimony and what it means to me and possibly to other Friends. I’m asking Friends here to think about being ‘super-average’, and see if this concept offers Friends something to reach for - something to test, which might add a remarkable-ness to our faith.
I asked in 'The Costs of the Quaker Faith' – Can we have Peace without Integrity? I ask here: Can we have Peace without Equality? These questions suggest the obvious answers, and lead us to ask another question: Do the Friends’ Testimonies have integrity with each other? And if others can’t have peace because of the lack of business or economic integrity, or equality, can Friends also have peace in our own Society for the lack of the same?
Comparing the Mean and Median
Like the rest of society, the ‘middle class’
in Friends Society might be disappearing.
How can we tell?
Friends Business Meetings might start by agreeing to provide transparency of giving to its contributors.
Statistics use basic measures of ‘average’ in describing middle points in sets of data. I will focus on the mean and the median and their relationship to each other as descriptors of ‘super-average’ in my hypothesis.
The mean is the sum of all contributions, divided by the number of potential contributing members . The median is the middle annual member donation among all annual potential member donations. (Both measures include those potential members who give zero).
Super-Average is when the median of potential annual member contributions is equal to or greater than the mean of all potential contributions for a given year.
If Friends find they’ve evolved into a more disparate proportion than the ‘80-20 rule’ in financial contributions to their own Society, (where 80% of the members donate 20% of the contributions and vice-versa) these Friends might also consider how equal Friends in a Quaker Society actually are.
The Finance Committee or Treasurer can certainly report statistics on the size distribution of donations to Quaker Monthly Meetings. Friends might consider a consistent transparent effort, along with a multiple-year history of the Monthly Meeting income and expense statistics shown above.

(click on image to enlarge)

If the median annual member contribution is much lower than the mean of all contributions for the year – the Monthly Meeting has a problem of over reliance on one or a few wealthy donors.


This is not only a potentially unequal place for a local Church to be, but also an unstable place for the community to be. (What happens if the one or few large donor(s) go away?)

This diagram shows a hypothetical inequality in Monthly Meeting contributions.
(click on image to enlarge)

To create the occasion for peace and equality, Meetings might strive to encourage giving by each member household somewhere between the mean and slightly higher than the median. (Somewhere between $200 and $500 per year per member.)
It might be shocking for some to hear, but large individual donations to a Quaker Monthly Meeting should be discouraged.
If a Quaker Meeting finds 90% of the members giving 10% of the annual budget or less, the annual costs should somehow be decreased honestly and sensitively over time to return to a state of representative equality and spiritual vitality. A decrease in annual expenditures will allow the community to live honestly within its means – giving occasion for the true Quaker Faith to prosper.



Individual monetary contributions to any Society will never be completely uniform. However, in striving for the median, in being ‘super-average’ even when one or a few givers are wealthy, all Friends should realize that over-giving is potentially as destructive to the equality or equity within the community, as under giving or no giving. Reliance also on one or a few wealthy donors, trust funds, or bequests, as a major part of the year-to-year income to an operating budget, also encourages the Quaker Culture to dominate, rather than the Quaker Faith. (I like old meetinghouses (usually on the East Coast of the U.S.) as much as the next Quaker, however, as many trust funds are set up to maintain these quaint and historic structures, we also have to consider how much they insinuate the true Quaker Faith into our worship?)



This diagram shows an example of ‘Super-Average’ giving that Friends might strive for.
(click on image to enlarge)
If Friends really want to know themselves, where they stand, and what is expected of them - the Monthly Meeting can regularly publish the mean and the median annual contributions for members (and possibly attenders) to consider.
These two indicators will help contributors try and plan, even possibly change their own lives accordingly. For example, an individual might consider what they are doing wrong in their personal life, if they ‘cannot’ give somewhere between the average and the median donation.
We know that modern Quakers, (at least on the East Coast of the U.S.) almost exclusively, are highly educated. Consequently, there really are few reasons why these Friends ‘cannot’ pay between the average and the median contribution in most years. This unless the Monthly Meeting’s annual expenditures are simply beyond the egalitarian means of the community.
As mentioned earlier, my concern of spiritual and material integrity (between Faith and Practice) and its importance to Friends, is coming home straight to YOU. I’m moved to say that providing transparency to your Meeting’s finances will change your Meeting’s life for the better. Discuss it after a catered lunch or a pot luck supper sometime. Then record any notable expenses into your Meeting’s ‘Nurture’ expense section. Why? There just ‘aint no such thing as a free lunch.
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To receive a Monthly Meeting Contribution Sharing template, please send an email to qinfriend ’at’ gmail.com, or click here.

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'The Costs of the Quaker Faith' , how a Monthly Meeting can visualize its expenditures, originally published in Friends Journal, is now online.
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What the Quaker Faith Costs YOU - Part 2 will explore how individuals’ spiritual lives might be changed by giving to the Church

Worksheet for Financial Transparency


(click on worksheeet to enlarge)


(click on worksheeet to enlarge)

Letter to Flushing Meeting

This letter asks a small Monthly Meeting to break its cycle of dependence on trust funds and other people’s money, and take 'ownership' of its life. This would be done by each member making a substantial increase in financial commitment of themselves in addition to asking members to consciously know that they have to grow in number over a period of time.
Flushing Monthly Meeting (NYYM) is housed in a historic meetinghouse (built in 1694) with relatively large operating costs spread over its 27 members. Flushing Meeting owns large trust funds. Members do not have a direct connection to the Meeting because they feel they don’t need to or ' can't ' give of themselves in a larger monetary way.
In 2007, Flushing Meeting has successfully petitioned the City and State governments to help them with their capital improvements. This process is rife with ‘red tape’ with labor and time needed by the small number of members to accommodate government bureaucracy, which will fund the necessary long-term building projects. The hypothetical financial plan noted below does not include capital items. My letter merely deals with the operating environment which up to this time, has been funded mostly by other people’s money. (Operating Budget ~ $33,000, member contributions ~ $11,000)

QiN-Friend

6/11/2006
Dear Flushing Friends,
Thank you for the opportunity to worship with you today. My succinct message is that each member of Flushing Meeting is a part-owner of the Meeting. The Testimony of Equity, or Equality, as some call it, might say that we are all part owners of the physical assets, as well as the spiritual process in the manner of Friends. So then, the physical expenses of the Meeting are an outline for the expression of the Life, in your local community. The Quaker ‘Rule of Thirds’ is meant to allow any Friend, whether that person considers themselves ‘financial’ or not, to ‘see’ how costs are apportioned more easily than by looking at full pages of numbers, which no one really likes to do.
After some inability to hear my message right away– or mistakenly hear my portrayal of the Flushing budget as criticism - I think is due to disproportionate cost of maintaining the magnificent physical structure - the historic landmark – the meetinghouse. This is a large responsibility for a small group of people, and this responsibility does affect your Meeting life – there is no denying this. We sometimes admire those who take what life hands them cheerfully, as remarkable persons. For what are Friends thankful about the building? I drank in the scent of centuries of history today while hearing sounds of modern hurried life outside during the 4 hours I spent there. Value – priceless.
So, in effect, the life of your Meeting is affected by the cost of maintaining the meetinghouse. But the expression of the Life – as outlined in the size and apportionment of other expenses relative to the building, and relative to the number of members – need not be affected by this responsibility all at once. And Flushing Meeting cannot go on indefinitely in this mode of living on bequests and other people’s money. The alternative, make plans to end the cycle of dependence, and make definite plans to change it slowly,
My recommendations can be summed up in the following:
  1. Try not to ever say, ‘we can’t do that’.
    1. Getting ‘atop’ of our problems in this world is a Quaker suggestion to - think out of the box. There are solutions to problems, which are not always evident when one is enmeshed in the affairs of the Meeting. This is why it is good to have visitors from other Meetings come from time to time. (not necessarily me in this visit, per se, but visitors in general.)


  1. Increase membership
    1. Consciously announce as well as possible, in free and paid ways, the existence of your community, in non-partisan, Testimony-diverse ways, to the general public.
§ Website enhancement to help traffic direct to your site
§ Published Meeting phone number with voice mail and message (not someone’s home number)
§ Maintenance of the sidewalk in front of the building (weeds growing next to stone wall makes it look like it might be an old abandoned building)
§ Tasteful lighting in and on the building or sign at night
§ Outdoor tag sales / used book sales for extra income, also are outreach for new attenders
§ Classified display ads similar to http://DowntownMeeting.org in a local Queens newspaper
§ Hang a banner announcing the Meeting on the front of your Meetinghouse – ‘We’re the Quakers’
§ Hire an actor to dress in plain dress and stand in front waving an orange traffic flag into the parking lot on First days. (OK, that last one was a little off the wall).
  1. Create a direct connection to the Meeting through financial giving by members and attenders that means something to the giver and to the community. Create more unity, or give occasion for more peace, through a unified vision for the mission and purpose of Flushing Meeting.
    1. Create a unified Operating Budget plan over a 5 year period
i. Budgets are plans, they can be modified as time goes on. However, having a plan - a vision of mission and purpose of the Meeting, as outlined in the size and proportion of the costs - allows decisions to be made sooner than later, and more easily, with less pressure to make last minute decisions. Having a unified, approved plan allows week-to-week conflicts to be taken more in stride.
ii. Consider temporarily taking Caretaker and Utility costs out of the operating budget and placing these costs in the care of the Building Fund,
1. Until membership grows to a sufficient size to ask members to volunteer to take over the Caretaker’s duties, or to ask the larger number of members to contribute the full cost of the Caretaker and the utilities, temporarily place these costs off the operating budget. Friends would then reimburse the Building Fund each year in increasing quantities over this five year period (as membership grows and as more Friends feel moved to give more of themselves, to the unified Operating Budget which includes Nurture and Witness Costs – see below) . Each year Friends would be apprised by the Treasurer, the size of the deficit, the annual contribution to the Building Fund, over the actual costs incurred. The Meeting would consider increasing the donation, or self-rent back to the Building Fund each year to balance the Caretaker and Utility costs with the donations from the Meeting operating budget at some point.
2. Take some time and look over the Five Year (hypothetical) budget plan and use your imaginations as to what the Meeting will look like in 5 years with 20 new adult members and an operating budget of about $60,000 –80,000 per year – at which time the costs of Caretaker, Utilities, and other Administrative costs will be fully paid from member and attender contributions. (right now the annual operating budget, including the off budget funds of PSA and another, as well as the costs of Caretaker and Utilities is about $40,000, member and attender contributions are only $13,000).
iii. In light of advocating a unified budget:
1. I encourage Friends to integrate the two off-budget witness funds back into the operating budget, as well as to remove temporarily the maintenance costs above.
2. I discourage Friends from creating more earmarked, off budget funds for special witness or nurture needs of the Meeting.
a. This is an accounting slippery-slope, creates disunity in the Meeting, and more complexity for the Treasurer and Auditor, especially with the addition of more earmark funds as time goes on. Please do not go down this road any further. The unity of the Meeting, as portrayed by a circle, the integral whole should be just that, something that every member feels in unity with.
  1. Thresh out during and after the expenses are re-apportioned for a five year plan, how Friends feel about giving to Flushing Meeting – the whole Meeting - building, maintenance, utilities and all – the best of their abilities – no matter what the amount given will be in relation to others. What is important – and I didn’t speak to the income side of a Meeting’s life on 6/11/06 other than to give the Clerk copies of writings from FGC on how this might be done – is that each Friend gives to the best measure of his or her ability, or the household’s ability. This might mean giving up something many times - which has profound importance in changing our community as well as us as individuals. Where the physical and spiritual worlds meet, is a remarkable faith called the Religious Society of Friends.
Again, on my visit, it was very gratifying for me to see those of you I’ve met before, and to meet those whom I haven’t.
God Bless.
QiN-Friend







2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Flushing Meeting Expense Projection








Adult Members
27
28
30
35
40
45
52

Member Contributions
$11,000
$11,500
$12,400
$20,700
$32,700
$47,500
$55,000

Avg. Member Contrib.***
$407
$411
$413
$591
$818
$1,056
$1,058

Attender Contributions
$2,000
$2,500
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
$6,000
$7,000

Investment Income*
$6,300
$10,000
$8,000
$7,000
$7,000
$6,000
$6,000

Other Income**
$500
$500
$500
$2,500
$4,000
$4,000
$4,000

Total Income
$19,800
$24,500
$23,900
$34,200
$48,700
$63,500
$72,000











Total Operating Expense
$35,750
$39,750
$23,900
$34,200
$48,700
$63,500
$72,000



2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
* Investment income will go down due to draw down of building fund to pay for Caretaker and Utilities Insurance, etc in the transition period when member contributions do not equal expenses. During this transition period, these costs will be removed from the operating budget. In 2012 the costs of operating the building will be integrated back into the operating budget and the investment income will go up again.
** Book Sales, Bake Sales, Tag Sales, Event Sales
*** Average Member Annual Contribution will go from $407 in 2005 to $1,056 in 2011. Each member will have more reason to give to the Meeting due to the more integral proportion of expense in the operating budget. This concept of member equity participation, or ownership should enhance members and attenders desire to give. By 2011, a larger number of members will be able to support a self-sufficient operating budget.


Wider B.
NYYM Payment
2,500
3,500
4,000
6,000
10,000
13,000
17,000

NYQM Payment
200
200
500
1,000
1,500
3,000
4,000
Total QM/YM

$2,700
$3,700
$4,500
$7,000
$11,500
$16,000
$21,000




















Building/Admin


















Operating Expenses



15,000
20,000
28,000
34,000
30,000

Labor

17,000
18,000
0
0
0
0
0

Utilities

14,800
16,800
0
0
0
0
0
Capital Expense








Finance Exp.










Treasurer



200
200
200
200
200

Insurance



200
200
200
200
200
Clerk's Exp










Newsletter

400
400
200
200
200
400
400

Directory









Web Site



600
200
200
200
200




















Total Building/Admin

$32,200
$35,200
$16,200
$20,800
$28,800
$35,000
$31,000



2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011






















Witness
Queens Homeless


200
500
500
1,000
1,500

Counter Recruiting


200
500
500
1,000
1,500

Protest March



100
200
200
1,000
1,500

Meals on Wheels


300
500
500
500
1,000

PSA

500
500
700
700
1,500
1,500
2,500

AVP



200
500
1,000
1,000
2,000










Total Witness

$500
$500
$1,700
$2,900
$4,200
$6,000
$10,000




















Nurture
Religious Ed.

100
100
400
800
800
1,200
2,500

Quaker 101



100

200

500

Advancement/Outreach
250
250
600
1000
1000
1500
1500

Fair









Library




400
400
800
1000

Hospitality



400
800
800
1000
1500

M&O




500
1000
2000
3000










Total Nurture

$350
$350
$1,500
$3,500
$4,200
$6,500
$10,000